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Why The Pirate Bay Decision Does Not Mean Canada Needs Copyright Reform

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Friday April 17, 2009
In the wake of this morning's Pirate Bay decision, the Canadian Recording Industry Association is unsurprisingly continuing its lobby efforts by sending out messages to MPs and media that the case is evidence that Canada must update its copyright laws.  It is important to set the record straight - today's decision does not provide any evidence of the need for Canadian copyright reform.  In fact, if CRIA's goal is to address a potential Canadian Pirate Bay, it likely already has all the laws it needs.  Rather, the claims that C-61 style reforms are urgently needed is simply a matter of bait and switch since the failed C-61 (modeled on the U.S. DMCA) did not meaningfully address liability for torrent search site like the Pirate Bay.

There are three key points to keep in mind in this regard. 

First, the Pirate Bay case revolved primarily around the liability of its co-founders for authorizing others to infringe copyright (the co-founders were not accused of storing, uploading, or downloading infringing files themselves).  Canada already has copyright laws that address authorizing infringement.  In the landmark CCH case, the Court ruled that:

“Authorize” means to “sanction, approve and countenance”.  Countenance in the context of authorizing copyright infringement must be understood in its strongest dictionary meaning, namely, “[g]ive approval to; sanction, permit; favour, encourage." Authorization is a question of fact that depends on the circumstances of each particular case and can be inferred from acts that are less than direct and positive, including a sufficient degree of indifference. owever, a person does not authorize infringement by authorizing the mere use of equipment that could be used to infringe copyright.  Courts should presume that a person who authorizes an activity does so only so far as it is in accordance with the law. This presumption may be rebutted if it is shown that a certain relationship or degree of control existed between the alleged authorizer and the persons who committed the copyright infringement.
 
In other words, the court says that there is presumption of legality, but that can be rebutted.  In a case like the Pirate Bay, it is certainly possible that the presumption could be rebutted and liability accrue for authorization.  Indeed, the settlement of the Quebec Torrent case (the site shut down in the face of a lawsuit) shows that torrent sites that knowingly permit, sanction or approve infringement may face liability themselves.  While IsoHunt has sued CRIA arguing that it is operating lawfully, that is not a statement of the law -  only a court claim.

Second, Canadian copyright law has criminal remedies much like those found in Sweden.  Section 42 of the Act provides for the possibility of a fine of up to a million dollars or up to five years in jail.  Moreover, the civil remedies provide for potential damages into the millions.  The Pirate Bay decision does not show that we need to strengthen criminal copyright laws since our laws already contain criminal provisions.

So, Canada already has laws to address the Pirate Bay and penalties that are similar to what is found in Sweden.  This brings me to the third point.  C-61 did not address issues like torrent search sites.  Instead, the bill provided anti-circumvention protection (legal protection for digital locks) that targeted consumers who actually buy digital products and created a host of restrictions in the process.  CRIA can argue that C-61 is the right approach, but it can't legitimately argue that C-61 is needed to deal with a Canadian version of Pirate Bay.

Update: As expected, CRIA argues that the Pirate Bay case shows that the Canadian government needs to engage in copyright reform.  Yet Barry Sookman, a CRIA lawyer and registered lobbyist, rightly acknowledges that the Pirate Bay case could be replicated in Canada, noting that "there hasn't been a criminal prosecution here in Canada but Canadian copyright law has criminal offences as well. If you look at this case they were found liable for aiding and abetting massive copyright infringement. The Canadian (Copyright Act) also makes that a (criminal) offence."

Comments (56)add comment

Jean Naimard said:

The world will collapse!!!
According to this research:

http://donnysblog.com/one-month-of-torrents-is-worth-more-than-the-gdp-of-france-riaa-rant.php

if one takes seriously the words of the RIAA, the “cost” of “piracy” is well over than three times the world’s GDP.

One has to be amazed at the gall of an industry that only produces public amusement (which all boils down to oxdung) that pretends to be worth three times as much as the whols planet. In french, there are two wonderful words to describe what they are: “guignol”* and “saltimbanque”†

* * *

Remember, some 5-6 years ago when the guignols asked for a law to force hard-disk manufacturers to put circuitry that would check if something copyrighted is copied on the disk? This is the kind of “industry” we are dealing with: totally disconnected from reality.

* The classic Puppet theatre where the hero clubs the gendarme.
† Circus performer.
April 17, 2009

My Name said:

Pirate Party just swelled in ranks today.. and continuing to swell.
heh apparently the Pirate Party swelled in ranks. They now out rank the Green Party in Sweden, as of today. Its growing more by the minute apparently.

This has potential to get fun. I always chuckled when I read of them (you know... crazy kids). I don't think people are going to be laughing any more from the looks of it.

Maybe CRIA/RIAA/MPAA/Sony/Warner/BSA et al. will want to put an end to the pirate party as well?
April 17, 2009

cobolhacker said:

...
Another problem with these damage claims is that the numbers have no economic basis. The assumption by the RIAA, MPAA and BSA and all the rest of these intellectual property types is that because some people download their product, those same people would be willing to pay full price for it if forced to. This is why the so-called losses are so staggering. They are simply multiplying the number of downloads of any given product by the estimated sales price and adding it all together.

But this approach makes little economic sense when you think about it. For starters, it does not take into account the folks who downloaded then purchased the product. But if we ignore that and assume most downloader types thieving pirates, it also it assumes that a software/media/entertainment product is so indispensable that everyone who wants it is willing to pay rather than just not use it.

It's impossible to know for certain, but I suspect if some kind magic no-download solution (or a really brutal law) were to arrive, the various media industries would find their sales barely increasing at all. People would simply find other, cheaper forms of media/software/entertainment.
April 17, 2009

Anon Name said:

Pirate Party membership rises by 20% in mere hours!
Pirate Party Membership Surges Following Pirate Bay Verdict
Written by Ernesto on April 17, 2009

The Pirate Bay verdict is being criticized by the Swedish public and protests are being planned. Opposition to the decision is widespread, indicated partly by the surge in new memberships to Sweden’s Pirate Party. It has seen its ranks grow by 20% in the handful of hours since the verdict and the number of members is increasing by the minute.

http://torrentfreak.com/pirate-party-membership-surges-following-pirate-bay-verdict-090417/
April 17, 2009

no Name said:

Its going to happen
Here in Canada all that lacks is a rallying point and the same will happen.

Who will be that rally point in Canada?

Who can step up to the plate?
April 17, 2009

Brian said:

What about Canada?
Is there a "pirate party" active in Canada?
Anyone know?
April 17, 2009

ac said:

Google is just as bad.
I fail to see the difference between searching the pirate bay for an unauthorized copy of an ebook, and doing a google search with the same term and inurl:pdf. In-fact, the google result is more likely to find you a direct link to the content. Should we not be hauling Eric Schmidt into court on charges then?
April 17, 2009

United Hackers Association said:

where is the CRIA Head quaters
id like to go there and punch out an actoro or musician , YA hospital time you assholes
April 18, 2009

Script Kiddy said:

...
HA this dont mean anytning ... everything is FREEEEEEE. Sweden who cares? I have never paid for any warez music movies pron or stuff and I never never will!!!!! Hooray for Michael Giest he is our hero He fights for us against the REAL pirates and theives - the RIAA and the NMPA and their KKKanadian stooge idiots like Graham Henderson. Go Michael! You cant put toothpaiste back in the tube and you can't make free stuff cost money. The barn is open and the horses are long ago gone away. All warez music movie ET CETRA are free and will stay that way forrever. Go Pirates!
April 18, 2009

United Hackers Association said:

Hey
Yeah I found out there address it's on Mowat St in Toronto lets go there and teach them a BIG lesson. They are ENEMIES OF THE PEOPLE. Lets pwn them good Bring rocks
April 18, 2009

Anon Name said:

United Hackers Association, Script Kiddy, ...
Chronoss, is this you?
April 18, 2009

Saskboy said:

pirate Canada
Brian, there's no Pirate Party here, but the Green Party and NDP both have MPs (or candidates) on record of being opposed to DRM, the DMCA, and copyright hijacking by the CRIA.
April 19, 2009

James Moore said:

...
... Green Party ... oh ho ho hee haw ha ha HA HA HA ... NDP ... ha ha ha hee hee chortle ho ho hee hee HA HA HA!!!!!!

I see this is now a comedy blog.
April 19, 2009

United Hackers Association said:

heh ya the script kiddy that wacked the taliban sept13/2001 - im number 1
ya need to get some facts right people, and remember two things.
Script kiddies use others toys , i make my own and thus by definition am not no lil wanker script kiddy.

NOTE the second post was not done by myself and its lovely to see that the fags at dslreports also make the rounds here as well.

and feeling like knocking someone out does not mean i'd do it just makes me feel all warm and fuzzy to know that they have to come here and wank BS, cause in real life they are a bunch a lazy scum of the earth trying to suck the worlds money out of it forever.

April 19, 2009

United Hackers Association said:

and geist
you fail to mention the recent p2pnet decision, where a judge said it is the user that is to blame for visiting questionable content aka infringing or illegal links, OMG sanity?
otherwise Canadian Tire is guilty of crimes fo r the hammers they sell bats and hockey sticks that are used in crimes
April 19, 2009

United Hackers Association said:

you want me to lead a pirate party- ask
and the word shall be given
April 19, 2009

James Moore said:

Oh word word word
Yer so cute. Betcha dress up in yer best hipster stuff and stare in the mirror. Ruff! Tuff! Gonna tell all those fags a thing or two! Keep em in line! Lay down the law! MISTER PIRATE PARTY! Yer gonna be SO official you'll be the MSMs first call for the inside word on the happenin frontline rebboloushionarry docktrinz! You're just the MAN to be the leader! Why I betcha you're so hip so modern you use Facebook and Twitter! All bow down, boys and grrls - a LEADER is among us!
April 19, 2009

common said:

blah
sheeez that chronoss (aka United Hackers Association) guy really drags down a topic :/
April 19, 2009

Maebnoom said:

...
It seems the intellectuals are full-force on this topic. Interesting.
April 20, 2009

Anonymous said:

Interesting indeed
Good one Maebnoom :)
April 20, 2009

Joe the Artist said:

Art Theft is Multi-billion dollar Business
Interesting report. How about posting something from an artists perspective? Specifically an artist who has endured, and continues to fight off, intellectual property pirates and other art bandits.
For example, place yourself in Joe the artists' shoes and imagine creating something unique, working alone in the privacy of your home studio or office. Imagine having laboured over your creation for weeks, months even, and then, just before its public unvieling or release, someone..some creative pirate or group of collaboratives, release your work - and takes credit. In public.
I wish more artists would speak up this. I think they are too afraid. You cannot imagine what is really like to see someone else enrich themselves off your work, while you remain a 'starving artist' or worse. It is happening - to countless silent victims. There are very well connected people utilising all kinds of tools or technology to copy artistic works. And they are well connected enough to release work long before the artist can.Should the artist even think of complaining, a variety of intimidation techniques and scare tactics and are employed. No one dares speak about this, but art {theft} is a multi-billion dollar industry.
April 21, 2009

Alan Smithee said:

Sad to say, Joe ...
Hey, is that you, Mendelson Joe? If it is, I'm a fan. I loved the band in the old days. You paint well, too.

Anyway, Joe, you're barkin' in the dark on this site if you're looking for sympathy for artsits, starving or not. This is the home of the copyright haters, the piracy fans and the information-wants-to-be-free crowd. Their high priest is Michael Geist, and their higher priest is Larry Lessig and they can rationalize anything - anything at all - as long as the end result is that artists don't get paid. Tell someone who cares, 'cuz these guys don't. Does that really suck? Yeah. Does it bother them? Nope.
April 21, 2009

Maebnoom said:

...
^ Talk about over-generalizing. Unfortunately it's common to paint everyone with the same brush in this situation.

"...release your work - and takes credit. In public. "

That's harsh, and should be stopped. Funny thing about all this is that these things are leaked/stolen/whatever from within the industry itself. It's actually people who are on the industry's/RIAA's/etc. payroll that start that ball rolling. Before pointing their finger at everyone else, they should look in the mirror & fix the problem in their own home before laying waste to the rest of the neighbourhood.
April 22, 2009

Riley August said:

Swedish Economy Post Pirate Bay
Well, if you've noticed the Krona lately, it's been dropping like a stone even faster than usual. Tech companies are closing their doors like crazy right now; nobody wants to stay in such a nation.
April 22, 2009

Mark said:

...
I think that the *FIRST* thing that needs to happen to Canadian copyright is to, 1) explicitly add the notion that offering to distribute a copy of something to other people permanently and irrevocably voids both the notions of the copy being considered a backup copy or being considered for personal and private use of the person who made the copy; and 2) explicitly disallow a private use exemption from infringement from applying in any case where the material being copied would already be considered infringing (that is, simply that it would be considered an infringing copy of the work if the work were geographically located in Canada). Thus, in a typical use-case, because a work is being transmitted from one person to another, no private use or backup-copy exemption can exist for the sender, and unless he or she had permission to have made a copy for non-personal use, then the copy that is being sent by the transmitter would be considered infringing. The infringement at the source in turn would mean that that the downloader could not claim a private-use exemption to copyright infringement. Lending or renting an original work out is fine because in such a case, that copy would have been made with the explicit permission of the copyright holder and wouldn't require an exemption in the first place. Not that this suggestion makes enforcement any easier, but I think it would be a *FAR* saner interpretation of the intent of Copyright than what we have now, which is, apparently, that downloading any copyrighted material is always perfectly legal, but uploading without permission is not, thanks in no small part to a (now rather famous) Canadian court decision on the matter a few years ago.
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